Does Earwax Cause Hearing Loss?

Yes, earwax can sometimes cause hearing loss, but it is usually temporary and reversible. Earwax, also called cerumen, is a natural substance produced by glands in the ear canal. Its purpose is to protect the ear by trapping dust, dirt, and microbes while also preventing dryness and irritation.

How Earwax Can Lead to Hearing Loss

Normally, earwax moves out of the ear canal naturally. However, in some cases, it can build up and harden, creating a blockage. When the ear canal is blocked, sound waves cannot travel properly to the eardrum, leading to conductive hearing loss.

Symptoms of Earwax Blockage

Reduced or muffled hearing in one or both ears
Feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear
Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
Earache or discomfort
Occasional dizziness

Risk Factors for Earwax Build-Up

Using cotton swabs, hairpins, or other objects inside the ear, which push wax deeper
Naturally producing too much earwax
Narrow or oddly shaped ear canals
Wearing hearing aids or earplugs regularly
Older adults, as earwax tends to become harder with age

Treatment and Removal

Do not try to dig out earwax with cotton buds or sharp objects—it may push the wax deeper or damage the eardrum.
Over-the-counter ear drops (oil-based or saline) can soften earwax.
A healthcare professional may use irrigation, suction, or special instruments to safely remove earwax.
Regular check-ups are important for people prone to earwax build-up.

Prevention

Avoid inserting objects into the ear canal.
Clean only the outer ear with a damp cloth.
If you use hearing aids, schedule periodic ear examinations.

Conclusion

Earwax itself is not harmful—in fact, it protects the ears. However, when it builds up excessively, it can block sound and cause temporary hearing loss. The good news is that earwax-related hearing loss is usually easily treated and fully reversible with proper care.